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This was true also of the late Australopithecus species, Australopithecus sediba, previously found to exhibit human-like thumb proportions. In contrast, later Homo species, including the small-brained Homo naledi, show high levels of thumb opposition dexterity, highlighting the increasing importance of cultural processes and manual dexterity in later human evolution.The translation of functionally active natural products into fully synthetic small-molecule mimetics has remained an important process in medicinal chemistry. We recently dis

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This work presents a fast clinical protocol for dark adapted chromatic perimetry (DAC) and a novel clinical tool scotopic chromatic pupil campimetry (CPC). The goal of the study is to explore the applicability of these methods in a clinical setting, their test-retest repeatability and congruence of results. Local rod sensitivity was assessed at 36 locations within 30 degrees eccentricity of the visual field in fifteen healthy subjects (mean age 43±16 years; 7 females, 8 males) with DAC (red and cyan stimuli) and CPC two times in r

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Empirical time trends in HIV prevalence in female sex workers (FSWs) are helpful to understand the evolving HIV epidemic, and to monitor the scale-up, coverage, and impact of ongoing HIV prevention and treatment programmes. Serial HIV prevalence study. We analyzed time trends in HIV prevalence in FSWs accessing services at seven Sex Worker Outreach Programme (SWOP) clinics in Nairobi from 2008 to 2017 (N = 33 56. The Mantel--Haenszel test for trend and independent samples Kruskal--Wallis test were used to analyze categorical and

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We introduce the transcorrelated Density Matrix Renormalization Group (tcDMRG) theory for the efficient approximation of the energy for strongly correlated systems. tcDMRG encodes the wave function as a product of a fixed Jastrow or Gutzwiller correlator and a matrix product state. The latter is optimized by applying the imaginary-time variant of time-dependent (TD) DMRG to the non-Hermitian transcorrelated Hamiltonian. We demonstrate the efficiency of tcDMRG with the example of the two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian,

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The aim of this research was to identify factors that facilitated successful completion of a prelicensure registered nursing program for African American men. Successful completion of prelicensure nursing programs by African American men can increase diversity in the nursing profession. Further investigation is needed to understand the factors that can lead to success in completing prelicensure programs. An explanatory, multiple-case study design was used to explore the personal characteristics, perspectives, and life events of African

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Conjugated ynones are easily accessible feedstock and the existence of an alkyne bond endows ynones with different attractive reactivities, thus making them unique substrates for catalytic asymmetric reactions. Their compatibility under organocatalytic, metal-catalyzed as well as cooperative catalytic conditions has resulted in numerous enantioselective transformations. Importantly, conjugated ynones can act as nucleophiles or electrophiles, and serve as easily accessed synthons for different cyclization pathways. This review summarizes

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A 67-year-old Brazilian man of African ancestry and his 60-year-old sister both presented with choreiform movements, although in the man these were significantly overshadowed by additional parkinsonism. The man also had a history of four epileptic seizures. Neurological examination in each also found slow saccades and a dysexecutive syndrome. Genetic tests for Huntington's disease were negative but were positive for Huntington's disease-like 2. There are various genetic causes of chorea diseases, and their correct identification is import

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In rats, IH increased blood viscosity by increasing hematocrit without altering erythrocytes hemorheological properties. IH also reduced SOD activity and increased AOPP. In humans, baseline hemorheological properties were similar between patients and controls, and properties were unaltered following oxygen and CPAP, except erythrocyte deformability was reduced following oxygen therapy. Redox balance was comparable between patients and controls. At baseline, TBHP induced a greater reduction of erythrocyte deformability in patients while CPAP

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In this study, we aimed to elucidate the origin of domestic chickens and their evolutionary history over the course of their domestication. We conducted a large-scale genetic study using mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences and 28 microsatellite DNA markers to investigate the diversity of 298 wild progenitor red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) across two subspecies (G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus) from 12 populations and 138 chickens from 10 chicken breeds indigenous to Thailand. Twenty-nine D-loop sequence haplotypes were newly identi